Friends sites :
MSc students of Rehabilitation managements
rehabilitationmanagement.blogsky.com
This is very useful weblog for rehabilitation students.there are many choices and options for you such as news,books,workshops,chat,seminars and .....
You can talk to other students about various field.it's cool, just try it !
Educational Sites:
DNA Interactive
www.dnai.org
The Dolan DNA Learning Center was the executive producer of this $1.8 million project, and coordinated contributions from producers and designers in the United Kingdom and Australia – Windfall Films, The Red Green & Blue Company Ltd., The Mill, and The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute. The Internet site is part of a larger DNA project developed by an international collaboration of scientists, educators, and filmmakers. Other DNA products include a five-part TV series that aired on PBS in 2004; DNA: the Secret of Life book co-authored by Nobel Laureate James D. Watson; a half-hour video for museums and science centers; and DVDs of the television series and DNAi teacher resources.
Funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), DNAi comprises six major topic areas: Timeline, Code, Manipulation, Genome, Applications, and Chronicle. The topics were serially released over a five-month period in 2003, and by year's end, DNAi received 377,000 visits - making it our fastest growing release to date. The topic areas (with the exception of Timeline) loosely follow the DNA: The Secret of Life television series. Within the topics, the media elements (video, animations, photos, and text) are packaged into modules, sections, and sub-sections that tell specific stories about DNA science. DNAi includes more than five hours of video footage drawn from extensive interviews with more than 70 scientists (including 11 Nobel Laureates). More than 150 animations illuminate key experiments in the history of DNA and bring to life the molecular processes that govern DNA replication and expression.
myDNAi
www.dnai.org/members
Funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), myDNAi was designed to help educators make the most of the content on the companion site, DNA Interactive. Released in November 2003, myDNAi is a package of classroom resources and tools that allow teachers to create their own materials. Working closely with expert Teacher Fellows, we developed 15 lesson plans that include: objectives, correlations to National Science Education Standards, student worksheets, preparation notes, and supplemental materials. The customized DNAi experience begins with registration and the creation of a myDNAi homepage. This easy to edit page includes a greeting, access to DNAi lesson plans, and Internet links. The customized homepage is stored on the DNALC server and is accessed by a unique URL.
myDNAi is also the access point for Lesson Builder, our unique editor that allows teachers to build custom lessons from more than 1,200 multimedia objects (video, animations, photos, transcripts, text) used to construct the DNAi Internet site. A keyword search looks for matches among more than 30 metadata fields that describe each object. Then, using a simple "drag-and-drop" editor, the teacher selects and organizes the multimedia objects into a lesson. Each teacher lesson is then saved on the DNALC server and accessed by students using a unique URL associated with the teacher's profile. A lesson can be modified and saved in different versions for use in different classes.
DNA from the Beginning
www.dnaftb.org
DNA from the Beginningis a primer on genetics funded by the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, and was released in 1999. The title of DNA from the Beginning (DNAFTB) can be taken as a metaphor on several levels. On a conceptual level, DNAFTB stresses DNA as the beginning of human life and health, and as the mediator of the evolution of all life. On a pedagogical level, DNAFTB builds knowledge following the historical development of genetics - from the beginning, one experiment at a time. DNAFTB is targeted at the level of a bright teenager and is intended to provide basic information that anyone would find useful in facing a "personal genetic dilemma."
DNAFTB is organized around key concepts. Forty-one concepts form the narrative backbone of the work - a Readers' Digest of genetics from Mendel to molecular cloning. Thus, the casual reader can take DNAFTB as a continuous story or work to master "a concept a day." Each concept is carefully chosen to emphasize the progressive development of genetics. Concepts are presented as pure ideas and in relatively non-scientific language. Layered behind each concept screen are multimedia elements, that allow the active learner to discover the experiments and people behind the concept.
Genes to Cognition (G2C) Online
www.g2conline.org
In 2005, we began development of Genes to Cognition (G2C) Online, a site on current research on the molecular basis of human thinking and disorders of thinking. The project is revolutionary because it was built in parallel with a major international research program—its namesake G2C at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute—and because it will employ a nonlinear, network structure designed to provide a user-driven learning experience.
Genes to Cognition (G2C) Online examines thinking and disorders of thinking across six levels of analysis: Genes, Biochemicals, Cells, Brain, Cognition (Behavior), and Environment. If site visitors are interested in autism, they will be able to view the disorder through a number of lenses that represent a continuum of approaches to science. So, autism is seen not only as a disorder of behavior, but a disorder of the brain, of neural circuits that make up the brain, of cells that make up these circuits, of proteins that signal within these cells, and, finally, of genes that encode these proteins.
We have incorporated two ways of exploring the site: users can interact with the dynamic networks maps to explore more than 750 items of unique content, or choose to follow the Selected Items ‘Subway Line’ for a tour of highlighted content. G2C Online features a variety of content: 2- and 3-D animation, demonstrations, interactive maps, text articles, and video interviews. Interactive tools, including the G2C 3-D Brain, Fly School, Model Center, and Chromosome Map of Disorders and Processes, will be sure to engage visitors. History, search, and glossary features assist with exploration.
G2C Online was produced by the Dolan DNA Learning Center of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. The project was supported by the Dana Foundation and the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.
Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement
www.eugenicsarchive.org
The Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement Internet site was conceived in 1995, soon after the DNALC launched its first primitive home page. We saw the Internet as the perfect medium to introduce students, teachers and the public to this hidden period in scientific history. After several tries, we were ultimately awarded a two-year grant from the Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues (ELSI) Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute in early 1998; then a continuation grant extended support to March 2004.
The Archive contains 2,500 images of photographs, lantern slides, correspondence, journals, texts, manuscripts, charts, and data. Text-rich images have been transcribed as text-only files, which allow the content to be searched by our database engine. The images represent collections from the following institutions: American Philosophical Society Library, New York; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Archives, New York; Ellis Island/Statue of Liberty National Monument, New York; International Center of Photography, New York; Max Planck Society Historical Archives, Berlin; Rockefeller University Archive Center, New York; State University of New York at Albany; Truman State University Archives, Missouri; University College, London; University of Tennessee at Knoxville; and University of Virginia.
The Eugenics Archive provides materials that stimulate independent, critical thinking about the parallels between eugenics and modern genetics research. The site is intended as an educational tool to allow individuals to learn about society's past involvement in genetics by exploring primary materials that heretofore have been inaccessible to the layperson. By basing the Archive on primary materials, the user assumes the role of historian/researcher, finding materials according to his/her own preferences and drawing inferences based on their own synthesis.
Your Genes, Your Health
www.ygyh.org
The Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation funded Your Genes, Your Health (YGYH), the companion site to DNA from the Beginning. YGYH is targeted at patients and families who are looking for easy-to-understand information about a specific genetic disorder. Information for each disorder is organized according to questions visitors may have about the disorder: What is it? What causes it? How is it inherited? How is it diagnosed? How is it treated? What is it like to have it? Where can I get more information?
The site focuses on 15 disorders, which were chosen using three criteria: high incidence rate, known genetic cause, and severity of the phenotype (symptoms). In each case, we enlisted the participation of genetic foundations or organizations for information and access to patients and/or physicians for video interviews. Each disorder comprises a number of resource pages that provide in-depth information. The first "page" provides quick facts for casual browsing. Subsequent pages include detailed animations to help visitors visualize the unseen world of genes and molecules and explain the biology of the disorder. Video interviews with researchers and patients provide insiders' views on genetic disorders. Links help users find support groups and additional information.
Bioinformatics Sites:
Silencing Genomes
www.silencinggenomes.org
With complete genome sequences accumulating at an accelerating rate, ahead lies the massive task of determining the physiological function of thousands of newly identified genes for which little is known beyond their sequences. The 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognized the discovery RNA interference (RNAi), a basic mechanism of gene regulation that also provides an important new tool for functional genome analysis. In RNAi, short, double-stranded RNA molecules can down-regulate gene expression of a corresponding target gene. By deliberately introducing defined sequences of dsRNA into living organisms, biologists can observe the physiological consequences of "silencing" virtually any gene in C. elegans, as well as other plants and animals.
Despite its power, RNAi is amazingly simple to perform in the roundworm C. elegans, an important model system for eukaryotic gene function. Any gene of choice can be "silenced" merely by feeding worms bacteria that express the correct double-stranded RNA. In its simplest form, RNAi requires little more than the ability to grow bacteria and observe C. elegans traits with a dissecting microscope. The vast majority of high schools and colleges meet these requirements, making RNAi in C. elegans potentially more accessible than other molecular techniques for which specialized equipment is required - such as PCR and gel electrophoresis. For these reasons, we have devoted considerable effort to developing the RNAi/C. elegans system as the vehicle to deliver functional genome analysis into high school and college classes.
The Silencing Genomes site is part of a National Science Foundation project to develop an integrated experiment- and bioinformatics-based curriculum on RNAi in C. elegans. The curriculum begins with observation of mutant phenotypes and basic worm "husbandry," then progresses to simple methods to induce RNAi and to use RNAi to rescue (compensate) a mutant phenotype. A more advanced experiment uses "single-worm PCR" to examine the mechanism of RNAi - comparing the DNA of worms with identical phenotypes induced either by RNAi or a gene mutation. The curriculum culminates with a open-ended methods that support student projects. Students can perform RNAi "from scratch" using bioinformatics to develop PCR primers for a target gene, then cloning the amplified product into an RNAi feeding vector, and finally observing the phenotype of treated worms. Students also have free access to the DNALC's collection of RNAi feeding strains, which can be used to conduct a mini-screen to identify genes involved in a particular biological pathway.
An online lab notebook, Silencing Genomes combines lab methods with user-friendly features adapted from the DNALC's popular text DNA Science - including flow charts, reagent recipes, and extensive instructor information. Supporting resources include photos and video of C. elegans mutants, as well as a simple check-out system to obtain any of 80 C. elegans mutants and E. coli feeding strains. The Internet site also provides a launch pad for bioinformatics exercises that accompany each experiment. Students use online databases - including WormBase and Pubmed - to explore the molecular genetics and physiological functions of the genes targeted by RNAi. NCBI's BLAST and the DNALC Sequence Server are used to explore the evolutionary relatedness of genes in worms and humans.
DNA Subway
Fast Track to Gene Annotation and Genome Analysis
www.dnasubway.org
As a member of the NSF-funded iPlant Collaborative, the DNALC has developed DNA Subway, a bioinformatics workspace that makes high-level genome analysis broadly available to students and educators.
Built to complement other iPlant discovery environments under development, DNA Subway captures the essence of iPlant's goal: to develop computer (cyber) infrastructure that provides plant researchers and educators access to the large-scale datasets and high-powered informatics tools that drive modern biology.
"Riding" different lines in the DNA Subway, users can predict and annotate genes in up to 100,000 base pairs of DNA (Red Line), and prospect entire plant genomes for specific genes (Yellow Line). Additional lines are being developed to analyze next-generation sequencing transcriptome data, and to construct and work with phylogenetic trees.
Check the Educator Training page for faculty training workshops on DNA Subway and other genome analysis tools.
Genetic Origins
www.geneticorigins.org
The goal of the Genetic Origins Program is to allow students to use their own DNA variations (polymorphisms) as a means to explore our shared genetic heritage and its implications for human health and society.
Genetic Origins was initiated at the Dolan DNA Learning Center in 1998, with grants from the Advanced Technological Education Program of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Special Grants Program of Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), and the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) Program of the Department of Energy's (DOE) Human Genome Initiative. The Genetic Origins Program is the culmination of the DNALC's systematic effort to remove the obstacles of using human DNA polymorphisms in education – by simplifying DNA isolation and PCR biochemistry and by providing bioinformatics tools for analyzing student results. Program components include 1) rapid protocols to amplify several types of human DNA polymorphisms, 2) a comprehensive Internet site, 3) a gratis service to sequence student DNA samples, and 4) training to introduce the program to high school and college biology teachers.
Genetic Origins focuses on two types of DNA variations: an Alu insertion polymorphism on chromosome 16 (PV92) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the control region of the mitochondrial (mt) chromosome. With two alleles and three genotypes, PV92 is a simple genetic system that illustrates Mendelian inheritance on a molecular level. PV92 data is readily analyzed using population statistics. The mt control region is one of the simplest regions of human DNA to sequence. With a high mutation rate, the mt control region is the "classical" system for studying human and primate evolution. The Genetic Origins site and linked Bioservers site have all the information needed for students to perform the Alu and mt DNA experiments and analyze the results - including online protocols, reagents, animations and videos explaining key concepts, and database tools.
Dynamic Gene
www.dynamicgene.org
The more than 130 billion nucleotides of DNA sequence residing in Genbank and other databases now challenge biology students to come to grips with the complex genomes of higher organisms. The human genome is chock full of non-coding introns and transposons - as well as a new class of RNA genes - that interact in unexpected and still largely unknown ways to regulate gene expression. Thus, in 2006 we continued our work with CSHL researchers to develop interfaces to DNA databases, which open a window on the strange and wonderful world of genome science.
Dynamic Gene is the educational outreach component of Gramene, an online resource for analyzing and comparing genes from plants in the Gramineae, or grass, family. This group includes the cereal grains that feed most of the world's people - rice, wheat, corn, barley, sorghum, millet, oats, and rye. The site is being developed in collaboration with CSHL genomicists Doreen Ware and Lincoln Stein, as well as three faculty producers: Debra Burhans (Canisius College, Buffalo, NY), Charlie Gutierrez (John H. Reagan High School, Austin, TX), and Bob Wheeler (Pine Creek High School, Colorado Springs, CO).
Dynamic Gene is designed to let students learn about plant genomes by using bioinformatics to analyze newly sequenced genes in rice and maize. Many of these genes have only been predicted by computers and have never been closely examined by human beings! The site's name emphasizes the gene both as a dynamic structure that changes through evolutionary time, but also as a dynamic concept that changes with our increasing knowledge of genome organization. The design for Dynamic Gene recalls the "streamlining movement" that influenced design during the middle of the 20th century with ideas borrowed from aviation and automobile design.
Animated tutorials in the first three sections - Meaning, Structure, and Evidence - illustrate: 1) how DNA sequences encode biological information, 2) how bioinformatics uncovers sequence patterns that predict the structural components of genes, and 3) how computer-generated gene "models" are annotated with gene features and evidence from biological experiments. The Annotation section provides step-by-step instructions on how to analyze a gene model with Apollo, research software that was used to annotate the Drosophila genome. Once students understand the basics of gene annotation, they go to the Projects section to download large DNA sequences from cereal chromosomes. They then pit their logic against the computer that predicted the gene models you encounter and upload their new annotations to share with other researchers.